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Governance and regulation

What organisations are now required to do about security and personal data, when each obligation starts, and what has happened to the ones that did not. Every entry is the issuing body’s own publication, linked to the original.

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Deadlines ahead
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Rules tracked
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Enforcement actions
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Guidance

What is coming

EverythingRulesEnforcementGuidanceUSEU
GDPR3CIRCIA1
EnforcementEU2026-09-09

Health data breach: the CNIL fined Hôpital Privé de la Loire 500 000 EUR

Background information Date of final decision: 3 September 2026 National case Controller: Hôpital Privé de la Loire Legal Reference: Article 32 (Security of processing), Article 34 (Communication of a personal data breach to the data subject), Decision: Administrative fine Keywords: Cybersecurity, Personal data breaches, Health and research Summary of the Decision Origin of the case In summer 2025, an attacker managed to connect to the Computerised Patient Summary (DPI) of the Hôpital Privé de la Loire (Loire’s private hospital), which centralises all the data of the individuals under care. It thus accessed the data of 524 867 patients (some of them health data) and 202 246 persons designated as “trusted third parties”. As a result of this data breach, the CNIL carried out a check that identified several failures of the Hôpital Privé de la Loire to comply with the obligations laid down in the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Key findings Failure to ensure the security of personal data (Article 32 GDPR) The authentication procedure to connect to the hospital’s e-Health Patient Summary, used by users outside the hospital, in particular doctors not affiliated with

European Data Protection BoardGDPR
EnforcementEU2026-09-03

Data Protection Commission announces Final Decision following Inquiry into the Health Service Executive (HSE)

Background information Date of final decision: 28 August 2026 National case Legal Reference(s): Article 5 (Principles relating to processing of personal data), Article 32 (Security of processing), Article 33 (Notification of a personal data breach to the supervisory authority), Article 34 (Communication of a personal data breach to the data subject) Decision: Administrative fine, Compliance order, Communication order personal data breach Key words: GDPR enforcement, Data subjects rights, Fines, Health and research Summary of the Decision Origin of the case This Inquiry commenced on 24 May 2024 as a result of two personal data breaches notified to the Data Protection Commission (DPC) in October 2023 and November 2023. In both cases, individuals gained unauthorised access to paper records stored and retained in both St. Loman’s Hospital (Mullingar, County Westmeath) and St Conal’s Hospital (Letterkenny, County Donegal). Both locations are former disused psychiatric hospitals.Videos uploaded to social media by intruders highlighted that medical records were stored and retained in both facilities. Key Findings The Data Protection Commission (DPC) has announced its final decision

European Data Protection BoardGDPR
EnforcementUS2026-07-29

FTC and States Act Against Hims & Hers for Deceptive and Unlawful Privacy Practices

The Federal Trade Commission, joined by Utah and California, by and through Los Angeles County Counsel, today sued Hims & Hers alleging that the telehealth provider shared consumers’ sensitive health information about medical conditions with third-party advertising platforms despite claiming its services maintain consumers’ privacy and deceives users about its billing and cancellation practices. In a complaint filed in federal court, the FTC and its state and local partners allege that Hims & Hers (Hims) fails to clearly disclose that it charges consumers for prescriptions almost immediately after they submit an intake form, despite telling consumers that they will be able to consult with a medical provider to find a treatment that is “right for them.” The FTC also alleges that the company has made it difficult for consumers to cancel subscriptions and misled consumers about keeping their health information private. The FTC alleges that Hims shared consumers’ health information with Meta, Snap and other third parties. “The FTC’s complaint lays out a troubling scenario—consumers unknowingly locked into recurring subscriptions and the disclosure to third parties of con

US Federal Trade Commission
EnforcementUS2026-06-30$2.25m

FTC Requires Amazon to Pay $2.25 Million to Resolve Charges It Knowingly Violated the Fair Credit Reporting Act

Amazon will pay $2.25 million in civil penalties to settle Federal Trade Commission allegations that the online retail giant knowingly violated the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) by refusing to provide transaction records to consumers whose personal information was used by identity thieves to commit fraud. The complaint , filed by the Department of Justice upon notification and referral from the FTC, alleged that in numerous instances, Amazon.com Inc. failed to comply with Section 609(e) of the FCRA, which requires companies to, within 30 days of a consumer’s request, provide victims of identity theft with application and business transaction records about fraudulent transactions made in their names. According to the complaint, Amazon had no written policy to respond to Section 609(e) requests until early 2025, after it learned of the FTC’s investigation, despite prior outreach from FTC staff advising the company to review its compliance with Section 609(e). “Amazon often put identity theft victims through a Kafkaesque ordeal by demanding they identify the thief who stole their information before Amazon would release the records the law entitles them to—records that could help vi

US Federal Trade Commission

Sources: the US Federal Register, the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Federal Trade Commission, the European Data Protection Board and the UK National Cyber Security Centre. Dates are as published and are shown in UTC. This is a tracker, not legal advice, and an obligation that applies to you is a question for your own counsel.