7.6High

Zephyrproject Zephyr

CVE-2026-10685

The Zephyr Bluetooth GATT client CCC-write response handler gatt_write_ccc_rsp() in subsys/bluetooth/host/gatt.c invoked the application's params->subscribe() callback after it had already called params->notify(conn, params, NULL, 0). Per the public GATT API, a notify callback with NULL data is the documented signal that the subscription has terminated and the bt_gatt_subscribe_params struct may be freed or reused by the application; calling subscribe() on the struct afterwards is a use-after-free, including an indirect call through the freed params->subscribe function pointer. The error branch is remotely (adjacent) reachable: a Zephyr device acting as a GATT client that calls bt_gatt_subscribe() can be driven into this ordering when a connected GATT server peer answers the CCC write with an ATT Error Response (the peer-supplied error code flows through att_error_rsp -> att_handle_rsp into gatt_write_ccc_rsp). For applications that free or recycle subscription parameters in their notification-termination handler, this results in memory corruption, a crash (denial of service), or potentially attacker-influenced control flow. The fix reorders the handler so the subscribe() callback runs before the terminating notify(NULL) in both the error and unsubscribe paths.

What this means for your business

  • It affects Zephyrproject Zephyr. It matters if your company, or a supplier that handles your data, runs it.
  • Code showing how to exploit it has been published, but real attacks have not been confirmed.
  • An attacker can use it from inside the same network, without a login, and without anyone at your company clicking anything.
  • FIRST's prediction model gives it a 0.3% chance of attack attempts being seen in the next 30 days, ranking above 22% of all known flaws.

What to do

  1. 1Check whether your company or your suppliers run Zephyrproject Zephyr, and which version. The affected versions are listed further down this page.
  2. 2If you do, apply the vendor's fix. A patch or vendor advisory has been published.

Not sure if your company is exposed?

Fastnexa’s certified penetration testers can check whether attackers could use this flaw, or others like it, against your websites, apps and network. The full test is free for our first 10 founding clients until 31 December 2026.

Scoring

CVSS
7.6 (v3.1)
Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H
Weakness
CWE-416
Assigned by
vulnerabilities@zephyrproject.org

Dates

Published
2026-07-31
Last modified
2026-09-01
Sources
NVD

Affected products

  • Zephyrproject Zephyr2.4.0 - 4.5.0

As listed in the NVD configuration data. Not a statement about your estate.

References